FIRST AID & CPR/AED GUIDELINES
- Call Emergency Medical Services 911/Parent
- Poison Control 1-800-222-1222
- Ask a Nurse 1-888-375-0279 (Employee Injury)
CPR - CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
- Start compressions within 10 seconds of cardiac arrest. Push fast & push hard: 100/min with a depth of 2 inches for children/adults & 1 1/2 inches for infants. Allow complete chest recoil after each compression. Give affective breaths that make the chest rise.
- Think C-A-B:Compressions-Airway-Breathing CHOKING UNCONSCIOUS CHILD (Not Breathing)UNCONSCIOUS ADULT (Not Breathing) If person cannot breathe, cough, talk, or is blue:
- Give abdominal thrusts and continue until object is expelled.
- If person becomes unconscious, call 911.
- Perform CPR until response/EMS arrives
- CPR is needed: If you are alone, do a series of 5 sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths, then call 911.
- Use an AED if available.
- Perform CPR until response/EMS arrives.
- Call 911, then perform CPR by doing 30 compressions & 2 breaths until an AED is available.
- Perform CPR until response/EMS arrives.
SHOCK SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK or STROKE
SHOCK
- If person feels weak, faint, dizzy, nauseous, thirsty, is pale or grayish, acts restless, agitated, or confused, is cold & clammy to touch:
- Lie person on back.
- Cover with a blanket and call 911.
- Do not give anything to drink.
- Turn on side if nausea/vomiting.
- If person has discomfort/pain in chest, arms, back, neck, jaw, shoulder, or abdomen, shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness:
- Keep person calm as possible and resting. They should chew an aspirin if no stroke.
- Have someone call 911 & be ready to do CPR/AED.
- If sudden numbness, confusion, headache weakness of face/arm/leg, trouble speaking, seeing, walking, dizziness, loss of coordination:
- Keep person calm as possible and resting.
- Note time started and call911.
- Get person to hospital as soon as possible.
- Be ready to do CPR/AED if needed.
ASTHMA and DIABETIC SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA
ASTHMA
- If person is having the following symptoms: coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, shallow or fast breathing, retraction when breathing:
- Quick relief medication(inhaler) needed
- If no relief & symptoms are getting more severe, call 911 and Parent.
- If person is shaky, sweating, dizzy, anxious, hungry, extremely weak or fatigued, irritable, or has a
- fast heartbeat, or blurry vision:
- Give quick acting sugar source of 15 Gm of carbohydrate:
- ► 3-4 glucose tablets, 4 oz of juice, 6 oz of regular soda, 3 tbsp glucose gel
- Wait 15 minutes -repeat sugar source if blood glucose if less than 80 or symptoms persist.
- If person looses consciousness, has a seizure or is not able to swallow:
- ► Administer glucagon if you have been trained. Have someone call 911 and Parent.
SMALL CUTS LARGE, DEEP, GAPING CUTS HEAVY BLEEDING
- Rinse the cut with water.
- Use direct pressure with gauze or a clean cloth.
- Apply antibiotic ointment.
- Cover with a band-aid.
- Call the Parent to inform of actions taken.
- Apply direct pressure to the wound with gauze or a clean cloth until bleeding stops.
- Cover with a bandage.
- Call Parent and inform that an evaluation should be done by a Doctor for stitches.
- Have someone call 911 while you apply pressure with several pieces of gauze or a clean cloth. Add more gauze as needed.
- Wrap an elastic bandage firmly over the gauze and continue with direct pressure until the EMS arrives.
SCRAPES SPLINTERS PUNCTURE WOUNDS
- Rinse with clean, running tap water for 5 minutes to remove dirt and germs.
- Apply antibiotic ointment.
- Apply a bandage that won't stick to the wound then call parent.
- Remove small splinters with tweezers or splinter-out tool.
- Wash and apply a bandage.
- If you cannot remove the splinter completely, inform parent of needed evaluation by Doctor.
- Do not remove large objects (such as a knife or stick) but dress the wound to reduce blood flow so long as it does not move the object or damage the tissue further.
- Call parent/911 for treatment by Doctor.
EYE INJURIES NOSE BLEEDS TEETH
- If a chemical is splashed in the child's eye: flush gently with water for 15 minutes and call Poison Control or Doctor.
- If object is stuck in the child's eye call 911.
- Do not touch, rub, apply medicine or remove the object, but cover with a paper cup or eye shield until EMS arrives
- Person should be in a sitting position with head tilted slightly forward.
- They should apply firm pressure just past the nasal ridge on the nostrils for 10 minutes.
- Call the Parent.
- If bleeding continues, or is very heavy, and the Parent has not arrived, call 911.
- Apply gauze to control the bleeding.
- Handle tooth by the top- not the root, and rinse tooth/fragments gently with cold water.
- Place in water or milk.
- Transport with child to dentist or with the EMS, ASAP.
FRACTURES, SPRAINS, and FAINTING SEIZURES
If an injured area is painful, swollen, or deformed, or if motion causes pain, the person will need to see a Doctor via EMS or Parent.
- Wrap in a towel or soft cloth. Use cardboard to make a splint to hold the arm or leg in place.
- Apply ice or a cold compress wrapped in thin cloth for not more than 20 minutes.
- If there is a break in the skin or you see the bone, cover area with a clean bandage.
- Have person remain lying down until he/she feels normal.
- Look for injuries caused by the fall and treat them.
- If the person doesn't improve or stops responding, phone your phone 911/Parent
- Be prepared to do CPR/AED if needed.
SEIZURE :
- Remove all objects out of the way.
- Make person as comfortable as possible.
- Do not put anything in the person's mouth.
- Loosen any tight clothing.
- Call 911 for a seizure over 5 minutes.
- If they are not breathing or blue start CPR/AED.
- If person is vomiting turn to their side.
ELECTRICAL BURNS and GENERAL TREATMENT OF BURNS
- Make sure the scene is safe
- Get the First Aid Kit and AED.
- Call 911.
- Turn off the main power switch.
- Stay clear of the injured person as long as he/she is in contact with power source.
- When it is safe to touch the injured person be prepared to do CPR/AED.
- Cool it immediately with cold, but not ice-water. Run cold water on the burn until it doesn't hurt.
- You may cover the burn with a dry, nonstick sterile or clean dressing.
- Make sure the scene is safe and Call 911.
- If the person is on fire, put the fire out.
- Remove jewelry and clothing that is not stuck to the skin.
- Cover the person with a dry blanket.
- Check for signs of shock and be ready to do CPR/AED if needed.
HEAD INJURIES, HEAT EXHAUSTION or STROKE, ALLERGY - STINGING INSECTS
- DO NOT MOVE a person who may have a serious head, neck and/or back injury.
- Call 911 for loss of consciousness or a seizure. Evaluation from a Doctor is needed if this person:
- ► Is drowsy or has difficulty being awakened
- ► Has a persistent headache or is vomiting,
- ► Is clumsy or unable to move a body part
- ► Has blood or fluid oozing from ears or nose
- ► Has abnormal speech or behavior.
HEAT EXHAUSTION: The person will have pale, moist, clammy skin, with pupils that are dilated, subnormal temperature.
HEAT STROKE: This is a medical emergency!
Call 911! They will have red, dry, hot skin, with pupils that are constricted and a high body temperature.
- Move to a cooler location, loosen clothing.
- Cool with water spray or place damp cloth on neck, armpit and groin area.
- If they can drink provide juice, a sports drinks or water if the others are not available.
- Turn them on their side if there is nausea or vomiting.
A student may have an Allergy Emergency Care Plan for this condition at school.
- Remove the stinger as soon as possible with a scraping motion using a firm item (like the edge of a credit card).
- Put a cold compress on bite to relieve pain.
- If the child has hives, nausea or vomiting, trouble breathing, fainting, or extreme swelling, call 911, or follow their medical plan.
Anaphylaxis Emergency Plan: Administer medication prescribed (Antihistamine/Benadryl and/or Epinephrine/EpiPen).